Oct 19, 2009

Wal-Mart and Amazon.com Wars: U.S. Print Book Market Race to the Bottom?

Wal-Mart.com triggered an online price war for its 10 hotly anticipated hardcovers from big named authors by posting them on their website for $10. All of the books have November release dates, and the pre-order is already creating bestsellers.

Hours later Amazon.com Inc. (AMZN, Fortune 500) marked the same booklist on their online website for $10. Wal-mart's price fell to $9. Amazon's fell accordingly. Last Friday, Wal-mart tipped its hat with a one cent slash to $8.99.

Patterson's "I, Alex Cross" dropped from $27.99 to $8.99. Stephen King's "Under the Dome: A Novel" dropped from $35.00 to $8.99. The discounted booklist includes John Grisham's "Ford County" and Sarah Palin's "Going Rogue" at more than a 60% discount from the cover price. This means that both online competitors are selling titles at a loss. Publishers have started commenting on the potential effects on the supply side effect on publishers, authors, agents, and the brick & mortar retail booksellers.

A Wal-Mart spokeswoman e-mailed a press release stating the company will “continue to adjust our pricing so that Walmart.com offers the lowest prices on these top pre-sellers in books.” Amazon declined to comment.

This Wal-Mart/Amazon competition has brought about a race to the bottom with the customer benefiting tremendously. At the same time, it is important for a society to take note of strategic planning announced by its oligopolists. Oligopolistic competition can give rise to a wide range of different outcomes, such as creating real market entry barriers from artificial price reductions. Should U.S. antitrust law care about protecting new market entrants? Why or why not?

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